AJAX实现数据的增删改查操作详解java后台

来源：脚本之家时间：2020-11-03

这篇文章主要介绍了AJAX实现数据的增删改查操作,结合实例形式详细分析了ajax结合java后台实现数据库增删改查相关操作技巧,需要的朋友可以参考下

本文实例讲述了AJAX实现数据的增删改查操作。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

主页：index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title></title>
<script src="http://libs.baidu.com/jquery/2.1.4/jquery.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
编号：<input type="text" value="" id="pno"/><br>
姓名：<input type="text" value="" id="name"/><br>
性别：男：<input type="radio" name="sex" value="男">女：<input type="radio" name="sex" value="女"><br>
年龄：<select id="age">
<option value="15">15</option>
<option value="16">16</option>
<option value="17">17</option>
<option value="18">18</option>
<option value="19">19</option>
<option value="20">20</option>
<option value="21">21</option>
<option value="22">22</option>
<option value="23">23</option>
<option value="24">24</option>
<option value="25">25</option>
</select><br>
身高：<input type="text" value="" id="height"/><br>
体重：<input type="text" value="" id="weight"/><br>
<input type="button" value="插入" id="btn_1" onclick="submit()"/>
<br>
<br>
<br>

编号：<input type="text" value="" id="pno_query"/>
<input type="button" value="查询" id="btn_2" onclick="query()"/>
<table id="queryResult">
<tr>
<td>编号</td>
<td>姓名</td>
<td>性别</td>
<td>年龄</td>
<td>身高</td>
<td>体重</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table>

<br>
<br>
<br>
编号：<input type="text" value="" id="pno_del"/>
<input type="button" value="删除" id="btn_3" onclick="del()"/>

<br>
<br>
<br>
编号：<input type="text" value="" id="pno_up"/><br>
姓名：<input type="text" value="" id="name_up"/><br>
性别：男：<input type="radio" name="sex_up" value="男">女：<input type="radio" name="sex_up" value="女"><br>
年龄：<select id="age_up">
<option value="15">15</option>
<option value="16">16</option>
<option value="17">17</option>
<option value="18">18</option>
<option value="19">19</option>
<option value="20">20</option>
<option value="21">21</option>
<option value="22">22</option>
<option value="23">23</option>
<option value="24">24</option>
<option value="25">25</option>
</select><br>
身高：<input type="text" value="" id="height_up"/><br>
体重：<input type="text" value="" id="weight_up"/><br>
<input type="button" value="更新" id="btn_4" onclick="update()"/>

</body>

<script type="text/javascript">
/*
var x = $("#queryResult").html();

for(var i=0; i < 20 ; i++) {
x += '<tr><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>';
}
$("#queryResult").html(x);*/
function submit() {
var pno = $("#pno").val();
var name = $("#name").val();
var sex = $('input[name="sex"]:checked').val();
var age = $("#age").val();
var height = $("#height").val();
var weight = $("#weight").val();

var data={

"pno":pno,
"name":name,
"sex":sex,
"age":age,
"height":height,
"weight" : weight
}

$.ajax({
type : "post",
url : "Hello",
data : data,
cache : true,
async : true,
success: function (data ,textStatus, jqXHR){
     if(data.code == 200){
      alert("插入成功了");
     }else{
      alert(data.message);
     }
   },
     error:function (XMLHttpRequest, textStatus, errorThrown) {

       alert(typeof(errorThrown));
     }

});
}

function query() {

var pno = $("#pno_query").val();
var str = ["编号","姓名","性别","年龄","身高","体重"];
$.ajax({
type : "post",
url : "HelloQuery",
data : {
"pno": pno
},
cache : true,
async : true,
success: function (data ,textStatus, jqXHR){
//data = $.parseJSON(data);
var j = 0;
var x = 1;
//for(var i=1; i <20; i++) {
   for(var p in data){//遍历json对象的每个key/value对,p为key
   console.log(data[p]);
   if(j == 6) {
    j = 0;
    x++;
   }
    $("#queryResult tr:eq("+x+") td:eq("+j+")").html(data[p]);
    console.log(data[p]);
    j++;
   }
//}


   },
     error:function (XMLHttpRequest, textStatus, errorThrown) {

       alert(typeof(errorThrown));
     }

});
}

function del() {
var pno = $("#pno_del").val();

$.ajax({
type : "post",
url : "HelloDelete",
data : {
"pno": pno
},
cache : true,
async : true,
success: function (data ,textStatus, jqXHR){
if(data.code == 200){
      alert("删除成功了");
     }else{
      alert(data.message);
     }
   },
     error:function (XMLHttpRequest, textStatus, errorThrown) {

       alert(typeof(errorThrown));
     }

});
}

function update() {
var pno = $("#pno_up").val();
var name = $("#name_up").val();
var sex = $('input[name="sex_up"]:checked').val();
var age = $("#age_up").val();
var height = $("#height_up").val();
var weight = $("#weight_up").val();

var data={

"pno":pno,
"name":name,
"sex":sex,
"age":age,
"height":height,
"weight" : weight
}

$.ajax({
type : "post",
url : "HelloUpdate",
data : data,
cache : true,
async : true,
success: function (data ,textStatus, jqXHR){
     if(data.code == 200){
      alert("更新成功了");
     }else{
      alert(data.message);
     }
   },
     error:function (XMLHttpRequest, textStatus, errorThrown) {

       alert(typeof(errorThrown));
     }

});
}

</script>
</html>

增加的Serlvet：Hello.java

package com.web;

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.mysql.MysqlUtil;

/**
* Servlet implementation class Hello
*/
@WebServlet("/Hello")
public class Hello extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

/**
   * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
   */
public Hello() {
    super();
    // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}

/**
* @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
response.getWriter().append("Served at: ").append(request.getContextPath());
}

/**
* @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setContentType("application/json; charset=utf-8");

String pno = request.getParameter("pno");
String name = request.getParameter("name");
String sex = request.getParameter("sex");
String age = request.getParameter("age");
String height = request.getParameter("height");
String weight = request.getParameter("weight");

String sqlInsert = "INSERT INTO Person (Pno,Pname,Psex,Page,Pheight,Pweight) VALUES('";
sqlInsert += pno +"','";
sqlInsert += name +"','";
sqlInsert += sex +"',";
sqlInsert += age +",";
sqlInsert += height +",";
sqlInsert += weight +")";

int message = MysqlUtil.add(sqlInsert);
String rep = "";
if(message == 1) {
rep = "{\"code\":200,\"message\":\"成功插入数据库\"}";
}else {
rep = "{\"code\":\"999\",\"message\":\"插入失败了\"}";
}
response.getWriter().write(rep);

}

}

删除的Servlet：HelloDelete.java

package com.web;

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.mysql.MysqlUtil;

/**
* Servlet implementation class HelloDelete
*/
@WebServlet("/HelloDelete")
public class HelloDelete extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

/**
   * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
   */
public HelloDelete() {
    super();
    // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}

/**
* @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
response.getWriter().append("Served at: ").append(request.getContextPath());
}

/**
* @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setContentType("application/json; charset=utf-8");

String pno = request.getParameter("pno");

String sqlDel = "delete from Person where pno="+pno;

int message = MysqlUtil.del(sqlDel);
String rep = "";
if(message == 1) {
rep = "{\"code\":\"200\",\"message\":\"成功删除\"}";
}else {
rep = "{\"code\":\"999\",\"message\":\"删除失败\"}";
}
response.getWriter().write(rep);
}

}

更新的Servlet：HelloUpdate.java

package com.web;

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.mysql.MysqlUtil;

/**
* Servlet implementation class HelloUpdate
*/
@WebServlet("/HelloUpdate")
public class HelloUpdate extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

/**
   * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
   */
public HelloUpdate() {
    super();
    // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}

/**
* @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
response.getWriter().append("Served at: ").append(request.getContextPath());
}

/**
* @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setContentType("application/json; charset=utf-8");

String pno = request.getParameter("pno");
String name = request.getParameter("name");
String sex = request.getParameter("sex");
String age = request.getParameter("age");
String height = request.getParameter("height");
String weight = request.getParameter("weight");

String sqlupdate = "update Person set ";
// sqlupdate += "Pno='"+ pno +"',";
sqlupdate += "Pname='"+ name +"',";
sqlupdate += "Psex='"+ sex +"',";
sqlupdate += "Page="+ age +",";
sqlupdate += "Pheight="+ height +",";
sqlupdate += "Pweight="+ weight;
sqlupdate += " where Pno='"+pno+"'";
System.out.println(sqlupdate);
int message = MysqlUtil.update(sqlupdate);
String rep = "";
if(message == 1) {
rep = "{\"code\":\"200\",\"message\":\"成功插入数据库\"}";
}else {
rep = "{\"code\":\"999\",\"message\":\"插入失败了\"}";
}
response.getWriter().write(rep);

}

}

查询的Servlet：HelloQuery.java

package com.web;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.mysql.MysqlUtil;

/**
* Servlet implementation class HelloQuery
*/
@WebServlet("/HelloQuery")
public class HelloQuery extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

/**
   * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
   */
public HelloQuery() {
    super();
    // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}

/**
* @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
response.getWriter().append("Served at: ").append(request.getContextPath());
}

/**
* @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setContentType("application/json; charset=utf-8");
String pno = request.getParameter("pno");
String[] params = {"Pno","Pname","Psex","Page","Pheight","Pweight"};
String sql = "select * from Person where Pno="+pno;
String data = "{";

String[] str = {"编号","姓名","性别","年龄","身高","体重"};
List<Map<String,String>> listmap = new ArrayList<>();
listmap = MysqlUtil.show(sql, params);
for(int i =0 ; i<listmap.size();i++) {
for(int j=0 ; j<listmap.get(i).size();j++) {
data += "\""+str[j]+"\":"+"\""+listmap.get(i).get(params[j])+"\",";
}
}
data = data.substring(0, data.length()-1);
data += "}";

System.out.println(data);
response.getWriter().write(data);
}

}

页面如下：

对应的数据库：

git克隆地址：https://github.com/dreamiboy/JDBCUtil.git

更多关于ajax相关内容感兴趣的读者可查看本站专题：《jquery中Ajax用法总结》、《JavaScript中ajax操作技巧总结》、《PHP+ajax技巧与应用小结》及《asp.net ajax技巧总结专题》

希望本文所述对大家ajax程序设计有所帮助。

来源：脚本之家

链接：https://www.jb51.net/article/187854.htm

AJAX实现数据的增删改查操作详解java后台

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